A Practical Integrated Lean-Digital Framework for Progress Monitoring Enhancement in Substructure and Ground Floor Construction

Abstract

Persistent inefficiencies in construction projects, including delays, coordination errors, material waste, and budget overrun, have affected the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the construction industry. This study presents a cohesive Lean-Digital framework that integrates the Last Planner System (LPS), Building Information Modelling (BIM), and Trello—a Kanban-based digital platform—intended to enhance workflow, resource management, and interdepartmental communication and coordination. The proposed framework was evaluated using a mixed-method approach, comprising on-site observation, process mapping, and digital workflow tracking, in accordance with the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle. The findings indicated enhanced schedule compliance, diminished non-value-added tasks, and better alignment between management and operational teams. Furthermore, accessible digital project management software such as Trello, configured according to Lean principles, provided quantifiable operational and intellectual benefits for SMEs without necessitating substantial technological investment.